161 Accession of Co-Emperors Marcus Aurelius (161-180) & Lucius Verus (161-169)

238 A revolt against Maximinus Thrax at Carthage installs father and son Gordian I and Gordian II as co-Roman Emperors (Mar 7-Apr 12, 238)

1190 Rioters massacre the Jews in Stamford, England

1560 Italo-Spanish expedition under Gian Andrea Doria raids Djerba, Tunisia

1573 Turkey & Venice sign a peace treaty

1774 British close the port of Boston to all commerce

1778 USS 'Randolph' (32 guns) blows up fighting HMS 'Yarmouth' (64), c. 310 die

1793 Republican France declares war on Spain (1793-1795)

1799 Bonaparte captures Jaffa, Palestine, massacres 2,000 prisoners

1814 Battle of Craonne: Napoleon defeats the Prussians

1821 Battle of Rieti: Austrians defeat the Neapolitans

1850 Daniel Webster endorses the "Compromise of 1850" as necessary to avoid civil war

1862 Battle of Pea Ridge/Elkhorn Tavern: Samuel Curtis' Yanks defeat Earl Van Dorn's Rebs (6th-7th)

1876 Battle of Gura: Ethiopian Emperor Yohannes defeats the Egyptians

1876 Alexander Graham Bell is granted a patent for the telephone

1902 Battle of Tweebosch, Transvaal: Boers defeat the British

1921 Trotsky's Red Army crushes the "Kronstadt Sailors' Rebellion" with great slaughter

1936 Hitler breaks the Treaty of Versailles, sends troops into the Rhineland, and the Allies fail to act

1941 The British invade Italian East Africa

1942 Bismarcks: Japanese naval units reconnoiter Buka

1942 Christmas I (Indian O): Japanese surface raid wrecks shore installations, sinks one ship.

1942 First black cadets graduate from the USAAF flying school at Tuskegee

1943 Japanese refuse a German request to join the war against Russia.

1944 Burma: Chindits begin attacking Japanese rear area installations.

1945 Troops of the US 9th Armored Div, commanded by German-born Lt. Karl Timmerman, capture the Ludendorff Bridge over the Rhine at Remagen

1965 "Bloody Sunday": Civil Rights advocate marching from Selma to Montgomery, Alabama, are attacked by police at the Edmund Pettus Bridge

1974 Wreck of the USS 'Monitor' is located off Cape Hatteras