46 BC Day 1 of Caesar's Triumph, for the conquest of Gaul, culminating in the dedication of the Temple of Venus Genetrix, honoring his divine ancestress

657 Battle of Siffin: Muawiyah I, the first Umayyad, defeats Caliph Ali ibn Abi Talib, Mohammed's son-in-law

811 Battle of the Verbita Pass/Pliska: Bulgar Khan Krouma acquires Nicephorus I's skull as a drinking cup.

1469 Battle of Edgecote Hill: Sir John Conyers' Lancastrians defeat the Earl of Pembroke's Yorkists

1649 English fleet bombards Dunkirk

1755 Giacomo Casanova is imprisoned in the Leads by the Venetian secret police

1757 Battle of Hastenbek: The French defeat the Anglo-Hanoverians

1758 British Gen James Wolfe captures Louisbourg

1759 French troops vacate Ticonderoga, New York

1812 US Frigate 'Essex' captures British brig 'Leander'

1822 Secret meeting of Simon Bolivar & Jose de San Martin

1826 Pogrom against the Jews of Vilna

1833 A Zulu impi raids the vicinity of the Portuguese fort at Lourenço Marques, Mozambique

1861 Skirmish at Lane's Prairie, Mo

1863 Salineville, OH: Confederate Brig Gen. John Hunt Morgan surrenders with 364 troopers

1898 Skirmish near Yauco, Puerto Rico; Spanish withdraw

1898 US Navy sweeps mines at Caimanera, Cuba

1912 Lt. John Rodgers makes the 1st airborne radio commo to a ship, USS 'Stringham' (TB-19)

1914 The Dublin Massacre: Scottish troops open fire at a football match, killing four and injuring scores

1918 Race riot in Philadelphia, 3 whites & 1 black killed

1941 Pres Roosevelt calls the Philippine Army into Federal Service

1942 Capt Joy Bright Hancock is appointed Director, Women's Naval Reserve

1942 Desperate fighting near Kokoda, Papua; Australians fall back to Deniki.

1942 Japanese reinforcements land at Buna.

1942 RAF bombs Hamburg

1943 U.S. destroyers shell Munda.

1944 Pacific strategy conference in Hawaii: FDR orders the liberation of the Philippines

1944 Russian troops arrive on the Vistula

1945 British ships and a/c raid Japanese bases on the west coast of Malaya.

1945 Churchill resigns as Britain's PM

1945 Japanese disregard US ultimatum

1948 Truman initiates the integration of the Armed Forces

1953 Fidel Castro makes an unsuccessful attack on the Moncada Barracks

1954 Chinese aircraft shoot down a British airliner, whereupon fighters off USS 'Philippine Sea' (CVA-47) shoot down 2 Chinese a/c that fired on them while covering rescue operations

1956 Liner 'Andrea Doria', rammed by the off-course 'Stockholm' off Nantucket a day earlier, sinks, 51 die

1957 USSR launches its first intercontinental multistage ballistic missile